Drill-chuck.



R. M. REAY.

DRILL CHUCK.

APPLICATION FILED MARKT, 1907. l 5,045,886., Patented Dec.3,1912.

a u v iw/Mm A TTORNE Ys .to receive the drill, reamer,

- `rrn are naar rica.

ROBERT M. REM?, oFMAssILLoN, omo.

Specification of Letters Patent.

DRILL-CHUCK." i

T o all whom 'it may concern.' .A

Be it yknown that I, ROBERT M. REAY,

Va citizen of the United States, residing at Massillon, in the county ofStark and State of Ohio, have invented a new,and useful Drill-Chuck, ofwhich the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to improvements in chucks and moreespecially to that type adapted to receive drills, reamers, and similartools, and it has for its object to provide a chuck of this characterthatv may be constructed very cheaply and which in use will serve tofirmly center andy secure the drill or'other tool in order that thelatter may be used for unusually heavy work.

It'also has for its object to provide means for accommodatinga chuckhaving a tapered socket to drills and tools having straight Shanks, andvice versa.

To these and other ends, the invention consists in certain improvementsand combinations and arrangements of parts, all as will be hereinaftermore fully described, the novel features being pointed out particularlyin the claims at t-he end of the specification.

In the drawings, Figure l .is a side elevation of the chuck with theclamping sleeve removed. Fig. 2 represents a longitudinal sectionthrough the tool receiving portion of the chuck. Fig. 3 is an endelevation of the chuck viewed from the bottom in Fig. 2. Figs. 4 and5`are sectional views of the chuck showing, adapters for receivingtapered and straight shank tools respectively. i

Corresponding parts in the several figures are indicated throughout bysimilar characters ofreference.

In the present embodiment of the invention the chuck is composed of abar of steel or other suitable material having at its, rear end a shankl, preferably formed with a' Morse taper inY order that it may fituniversally the tool socket on drill presses or other tools now in use,and the front end of the bar is provided with an axial bore 2 or othertool. The 'socket thus provided in the shank may be formed either withthe Morse taper, as shown in Fig. 5, or with a straight bore, as shownat 3 in Fig. 4. In any case it is pref.- erable to provide the shankimmediately in rear of the tool receiving socket with a transverse vslot4 adapted` to receive a drift or other instrument that will engage theusual "transversely extending tang on the upper and socket at a end ofdrills and other tools having taper Shanks, these tangs being adapted tocooperate with the bore of the transverse slot 4 to, prevent relativeturning between the chuck and the tool.

The socket portion of the chuck is rendered compressible by providing itwith a suitable number of longitudinally extending slots 5, the walls ofthe socket being thereby divided into a plurality of segmentalclamping/jaws Ythat are capable of being operated to engage anddisengagethe shank of a tool that may be inserted into the chuck socket.The means for operating t-he jaws embody, in t-he present instance, aperipheral taper 7 formed on the exterior of the body of the 'Patentednee. s, raie.- Application led March 7, 1907. Serial No. 361,121.

chuck and 'enlarging from the shank end l forward toa setvof screwthreads 6 which are preferably formed on the surface of a cylinder, thatis to say, they have an equal diameter throughout their length. Over thef chuck is revolubly having an internal and adapted to cotaperedfportion of t-he fitted a clamping sleeve 8 taper 9 corresponding tooperate with the taper 7 on the chuck body, a portion of the sleevebeyond the taper being provided with internal threads 10 adapted tocoperate with the threaded por'- tion 6. In order to facilitatemanipulation of the clamping sleeve, it is preferable to provide it`with a nut or angular portion ll\adapted for the application of awrench. Rotation of the sleeve in one direction causes the screw threadsto draw the sleeve longitudinally of the chuck and toward the opening ofthe socket, the coperating taper surfaces 7 and 9 ofthe chuck body andsleeve respectively causing the segmental jaws surrounding the socket tomove inwardly, and thereby clamp theshank of a tool resting therein, thedegree of movement yot the several jaws being equal so that theA toolwill be centered accurately according to the axis of revolution of thechuck. Rotation of the clamping sleeve in the reverse direction servesto loosen or unlock theshank of the tool, so that the latter may beremoved from the chuck. By arranging the coperating taper or wedgesurfaces of the clamping sleeve point intermediate the threads and thetang receiving slot, the compression will be applied to the socket insuch a way that not only will its walls close upon the shank of thetool, but the parallel walls of the slot 4 will close upon the sides ofthe tang' so that both surfaces of the latter contact throughout theirextent with the said Walls 'and form a firm and positive drivingconnect-ion between-the chuck and tool, so that the tangs cannot becometwisted.

In some cases it may be desirable to employ drills or other tools havingstraight Shanks in a chuck having a taper socket, and this maybeaccomplished by putting an adapter into the socket of the chuck,

or othery tools having nection with a chuck having a straight bore,

an adapter 14 may be employed which has a cylindrical outer surface. ofa diameter to itthe bore of the socket and a taper bore 15 to receivethe drill or other tool, the rear4 of the adapter being open to permitthe tang on the drill or other tool shank to project into the slot 4. Ineither case the adapters are readilv removable so that' the chucks maybe employed with drills or other tools having Shankscorresponding totheir sockets. It will be. noted that each adapter is provided at itslarge end with an annular fiange' 16. This flange is designed to restupon or stand near the outer end of the socket, and-may be convenientlyengaged by 'a suitable tool for the purpose of extracting the adapter.

A chuck constructed in accordance with the present invention isparticularly adapted for use on work of a severe character in which theordinary two jaw chuck cannot obtain a requisite hold on the tool shank,and it is particularly efficient when used in connection with drills ortools having taper Shanks, as the tang is`locked by the walls of thetransverse drift slot in the chuck and the sides of the shank are firmlyclamped by the walls surrounding the socket. This chuck may bemanufactured and sold at a low price for the reason that it is composedof but two parts, a number lof operations in themanufacture of which maybe accomplished on an automatic screw machine Moreover, the chuck iscapable of firmly holding. drills, reamers, and other tools thetransversely extending tangs of which have been broken or twisted off,as the gripping.

action of the compressible walls of the socket is exerted throughout thelength oli the tool shank so that the lattercannot turn relatively tothe chuck. j

Chucks of much this general type have hitherto been patented, but thepeculiar construction'of mine, and particularly the distaper shanks` incon- 'chuck to define ai shoulder,

incassa positin the cylindrical threads beyond the tapered portioninstead of in rear of it, results in a number of advantages whichI willendeavor to explain. First, the formation of the drift slot -4 throughthe tapered port-ion instead of through the threads cuts away less ofthe latter 4'and therefore leaves them stronger; or `tool inserted inthis drift slot for driving out the drill will not insure the threads inmy construction because they areremote from it; third, in the tighteningup of the sleeve its nut or threaded portions draws upon itstaperedportion rather than pushing it as wouldbe the case itY the threads werelocated farther back upon the shank; fourth, as the sleeve is turnedforward and the jaws are compressed the threads 6 become looser withinthe nut portion 10 because the former are near theextremities of thejaws which are of course compresse to the greatest degree and fifth,while the conical portion if at the Jfront would compress the tips ofthe jaws only to the extent of its longitudinal advance, the nut portion1n advancing the sameA distance travelsin a second, the use of a wedgevspiral course along threads which are not I interrupted by the driftslot.

It is to be noted' that the inner end wall of the socket 2 is disposedat right angles to the axis of the chuck thereby to definev a shoulder25.` When the adapter 14 is mounted' in' the socket 2, the flange 16engages the outer end of the chuck and at the same time the inner end'of the adapter engages the shoulder 25. The strain upon the flange 16ofthe adapter is therefore relieved when the device is in use. Becausethe shoulder '25 is disposed at right angles to the axis of the chuckthe adapter 14 will not be wedged in the chuck. The longitudinal slit inthe adapter 14 is alined with the vdrift slot 4, Consequently the driftmay be driven inwardly to displace the adapter, the-drift engaging theinner end of the adapter upon both sides of the longitudinal slit in theadapter. Owing to the fact that the drift will engage-the adapter uponboth sides of the longitudinal slit therein there will be no springingof the adapter under the action of' the drift, and consequently theadapter will be expelled from the chuck readily, there being no bindingbetween the adapter and the chuck, due toa distortion of the adapterunder the expelling action of the What is. claimed is v In a device ofthe class having a tapered outer surface and provided with a socket, theinner end wall of which is disposed at right angles to the axis of thethere being a transverse drift slot through the chuck, opening acrossthe shoulder, and a`longitudinal slit in the chuck, opening into thedescribed, a chuck f drift slot; an adapter in the socket, having e allange engaging the outer end of the chuck,

the inner end of the adapter engaging the shoulder to relieve the strainupon the flange, the rectangularly disposed position of the shoulderpreventing a Wedging of the adapter in the chuck; the adapter having alongitudinal slit alined with the drift slot,- .Whereby When the driftis advanced in the drift slot to displace the adapter, the adapter willbe engaged by the drift upon both sides of the slit, thus preventing adistortion of the adapter and a consequent binding of the adapter in thesocket; and a sleeve movable longitudinally over the tapered outersurface of the chuck to compress the chuck and the adapter about a tool.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto aixedmy signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

ROBERT M. REAY.

Witnesses:

GEO. R. I-IANKINS, ISAAC CoNARn.

